┊ dashed lines mark 1987 Black Monday crash · 1991 Gulf War recession · 2001 Dot-com bust & 9/11 · 2008 Global financial crisis · 2020 COVID-19 pandemic
Method & caveats. Monitoring the Future's annual national school survey of 12th graders (roughly 12,000–15,000 students), past-30-day prevalence, crude percent, as republished by NCHS in Health, United States. MTF itself began in 1975; the NCHS mirror starts in 1980. The 2020 survey was cut short by COVID (smaller sample); MTF reports no series break.
Sources
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