┊ dashed lines mark 1979 Oil shock & inflation peak · 1987 Black Monday crash · 1991 Gulf War recession · 2001 Dot-com bust & 9/11 · 2008 Global financial crisis · 2020 COVID-19 pandemic
Method & caveats. Computed from cumulative Stata public microdata, WTSSPS-weighted numerator divided by valid weighted denominator, minimum 200 weighted responses per year. SOCFREND positive codes 1,2,3 (almost daily; once or twice a week; several times a month); valid codes 1,2,3,4,5,6,7. Missing years are not interpolated. SOCFREND concerns evenings with friends outside the neighborhood. Breaks: 2021 push-to-web pandemic design; 2022 and 2024 mixed mode differ from historical in-person interviews.
Sources
Every value on this page is read from the publisher below. Current and historical source documents: